无论是参加什么考试,基础是我们必须重视起来的,UKiset考试也不例外,尤其是UKiset语法更是需要我们刻苦学习,为了帮助大家巩固基础,小编今天就为大家介绍一下UKiset语法中主谓一致的易错点归纳汇总!
■不定式短语、动词-ing形式或名词性从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
Remember /To remember English words is not easy.
记英语单词不容易。
Who will do the job hasn’t been decided yet.
谁来做这项工作还没决定。
注:what引导主语从句时,如果其表语是复数形式,谓语动词要用复数形式。
如:
What he took with him were two books.
他带去的是两本书。
■“名词或代词+由with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, but ,except, including, in addition to, like, no less than, rather than等引起的短语”作主语时,谓语动词与前面的名词或代词的数一致。
如:
Mr Li together with his two sons has gone to the cinema.
李先生和他的两个儿子看电影去了。
Li Ming, rather than his classmates, has let out the secret.
是李明透露了那个消息而不是他的同学透露的。
■“more than one/many a + 单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
More than one person has known it.
不止一个人知道这件事。
Many a worker was killed in the accident.
在这个事故中死了许多工人。
注:“More+复数名词 than one”作主语,谓语则用复数形式。
如:
More persons than one have known it.
不止一个人知道这件事。
■“一两个……”,用“one or two+名词复数”表达时,谓语用复数;用“a(an) +名词单数or two”表达时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
One or two days are enough for them.
=A day or two is enough for them.
给他们一两天时间足够了。
■and连接两个名词一起作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。
如:
Lily and Kite are kind to me.
莉莉和凯特都对我很好。
但是,当两个名词表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念或一个完整的东西时(其特征是and后的名词前无任何冠词) ,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
The teacher and writer has come.
那个教师兼作家已经来了。
(The teacher and the writer have come.
那个教师和那个作家都到来了。)
A knife and fork is on the table.
有一副刀叉在桌上。
注:当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有no,each, every, many a, more than one 等修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
Many a teacher and many a student has seen the film.
许多教师和学生都看过这部电影。
■不定代词one, no one, the other, another, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody, anything, something, everything, nothing, each, either 以及被each, every修饰的名词做主语,尽管有些表达复数意义,但是,它们的谓语应该用单数形式。
如:
Is everybody here today?
大家都到齐了吗?
Neither (book) is good.
两本书都不好。
None knows the weight of another’s burden.
见人挑担不吃力。
注:neither, none做主语时,口语中或非正式文字中,谓语动词通常用复数,正式的书面语中用单数。
如:
Are/Is neither of the teams playing this week?
这个星期两个队中有哪一个队要进行比赛?
None of them has/have been to the Great Wall.
他们中没有一个人去过长城。
不过,none作主语,其表语是单数,谓语用单数;表语是复数,谓语则用复数。
■在定语从句中,当关系代词 who, which或 that做主语时,从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。
如:
The teacher who teaches us English is from England.
教我们英语的教师是英国人。
Are these the books that were bought yesterday?
这些就是昨天买的书吗?
I, who am a new teacher, will teach you English.
我,一个新教师,将教你们英语。
■“one of+名词复数”后面的定语从句, 谓语动词应该用复数;而“the (only) one of + 名词复数”后面的定语从句的谓语应该用单数形式。
如:
He is one of the students that have passed the exam.
他是通过了考试的学生之一。
He is the (only) one of the students that has passed the exam.
他就是通过考试的那个学生。
■某些集体名词,如family, audience, class, club, company, crew, enemy, government, group, party, public, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复单数形式。
如:
My family are all fond of going to the cinema.
我全家都爱看电影。
The family is rather big, with twelve people in all.
这个家庭很大,总共有12个人。
■当表示时间、距离、金额等度量的复数名词作主语,把它看作一个整体时,谓语动词一般用单数。
如:
Surely 15 minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee.
你喝杯咖啡15分钟当然足够了。
但若与pass, go by, spend, waste等连用时,谓语动词用复数。
如:
Six months have passed, and we still have no news of them.
六个月过去了,我们依然没有他们的消息
■由两个部分构成一个整体的物品名词做主语,如shoes, glasses, boots, socks, scissors, compasses, trousers, shorts等,谓语通常用复数形式。
如:
His trousers are new.
他的裤子是新的。
但带有pair这样的量词时,谓语要与量词的数保持一致。
如:
That pair of trousers was sold out.
那条裤子卖出去了。
■“分数(百分数)+ of + 名词”以及 “all (most, some, any, half, a lot, part, the rest) + of + 名词”做主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词的数一致。
如:
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water.
地表四分之三都是水。
Twenty percent of the oranges are bad.
这桔子百分之二十都坏了。
All of the water is gone.
那些水全都没有了。
■“a (the, this, that) kind /sort / type of + 名词”做主语,谓语用单数形式;但“these (those, all, many, some) kinds of + 名词”做主语,谓语则用复数形式。
如:
This kind of book is useful for us.
这种书对我们很用。
Many kinds of shoes are on sale in that shop.
那个店里有许多种鞋出售。
注:“名词+ of a (the, this, that, these, those, all, some, many等) + kind(s) ”做主语,谓语动词的数与前面名词的数一致。
如:
Book of this kind is useful for us.
这种书对我们有用。
Apples of these kinds are sour.
这种苹果是酸的。
■在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
如:
On the wall hang two large portraits.
墙上挂着两幅大肖像。
Between the two rows of trees stands the teaching building.
要两排树之间是教学楼。
■“a number of +复数名词”意为“许多”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;“the number of +复数名词”意为“……的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
如:
The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
被邀请的人是五十个,但由许多人由于不同原因缺席了。
■“a lot of /lots of /plenty of /a large quantity of /a large amount of +名词”作主语,谓语动词的数与名词的数一致;
如:
A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
在短时间内造成了很大的损害。
A great amount of our investments are in property.
我们大量的钱都投资到房地产中。
但“(large /huge) quantities /amounts of名词”作主语,谓语动词一般用复数。
如:
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
那座桥耗费了大量金钱。
■“a +单数名词+and a half”和“one and a half +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:
One and a half pears has been left on the table.
盘子里剩下一个半梨子。
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