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论文写作中,何时用主动语态,何时用被动语态?考而思在线小编根据多年论文辅导经验帮助您整理了以下内容,希望对你有所帮助。
主动语态-主语为行动的实施方。被动语态-主语为行动的接收方。
在撰写科学论文时我们会使用各种各样的时态。下面是一些在不同时态下使用主动语态和被动语态的例子:
1.现在时-通常在概论,讨论和结论中使用的时态
Example 1:Active: Vitamin A increases the risk of hair loss.Passive: The risk of hair loss is increased by vitamin A.
Example 2:Active: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from industries and vehicleexhausts can induce a series of environmental problems, including photochemicalsmog, broken ozonosphere, and environmental pollution.
Passive: A series of environmental problems, including photochemical smog,broken ozonosphere, and environmental pollution, can be induced by volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) emitted from industries and vehicle exhausts.
2.现在时-通常在目标中使用的时态
Example 1:Active: In this study, we present our design of an electric hot water tank.Passive: In this study, a design of an electric hot water tank is presented.
Example 2:Active: This study develops an efficient methodology to examine a space–timecontinuous dataset for urban irrigation water use.Passive: An efficient methodology to examine a space–time continuous datasetfor urban irrigation water use is developed in this study.
3.现在完成时-通常在概论,讨论和总结中使用的时态
Example 1:Active: Previous studies have used comparative analysis of ORF2 sequences toelucidate phylogenetic relationships among different FCV isolates.
Passive: Comparative analysis of ORF2 sequences has been used in previousstudies to elucidate phylogenetic relationships among different FCV isolates.
Example 2:Active: Only a small number of empirical studies have focused on the patternsand mechanisms behind disease clusters at small spatial scales, especially inwild host–pathogen systems [2].Passive: The patterns and mechanisms behind disease clusters at small spatialscales, especially in wild host–pathogen systems, have been focused on by onlya small number of empirical studies [2].
4.过去时:通常用于材料与方法/结果
Example 1:Active: We determined the presence of larvae by dip netting.Passive: The presence of larvae was determined by dip netting.
Example 2:Active: We evaluated the number of haplotypes (h), haplotypes (Hd), andnucleotides (π) using the DnaSP 5.10 program [3].
Passive: The number of haplotypes (h), haplotypes (Hd), and nucleotides (π) wasevaluated using the DnaSP 5.10 program [3].
Example 3:Active: We found a strong correlation between above-ground and below-groundbiomass accumulation in Platanus occidentalis.
Passive: A strong correlation was found between above-ground and below-groundbiomass accumulation in Platanus occidentalis.
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